Water treatment technology for water purification equipment

There are four main water treatment technologies for water purification equipment: physical filtration, activated carbon adsorption, detoxification, and ion exchange softening. Let's briefly introduce them below:

1. Physical filtration method

Physical filtration methods mainly include microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis.

① Microfiltration

a) Function: Intercept particles

b) Purpose: Pre treatment of drinking water (coarse filtration)

c) Aperture: 0.1 microns to tens of micrometers

d) Classification: flat plate (stainless steel plate), cylindrical (folded, melt blown)

e) Interception mechanism: mechanical, adsorption

② Ultrafiltration

a) Function: Remove macromolecular substances (bacteria) and colloids, etc

b) Purpose: Advanced treatment of drinking water, pre-treatment of RO system

c) Pore size: 1 nanometer (nanofiltration) -0.2 micrometers (microfiltration)

d) Types: Plate type, hollow fiber type, tube type, roll type

e) Precautions for use: broken wire, anti pollution, flushing, material

③ Nanofiltration

a) Concept: Located between reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration, with a general pore size of 1-2nm.

b) Functions: bacteria, viruses, colloids, organic matter, nitrates, hardness, etc

c) Purpose: Advanced treatment and softening of drinking water

④ Reverse osmosis (reverse osmosis water purification technology)

a) Function: desalination, bacteria, viruses, organic matter, insecticides, etc.

b) Usage: Seawater desalination, deep purification of drinking water, preparation of high-purity water, etc.

c) Aperture: ＜ 0.1nm

d) Progress: Ultra low pressure membranes, low pollution membranes, etc

e) Classification: flat plate, hollow fiber, roll type

f) Basic concepts: recovery rate, demineralization rate, water flux and its Attenuation coefficient, stage and stage

g) Influencing factors: temperature, pressure, salt content of influent water, pH value, recovery rate, etc

h) Attention issues: control the recovery rate, inlet water quality, prevention and cleaning of pollution, prevention of back pressure and sealing ring leakage, etc.

Reverse osmosis water purification integrated machine

2. Activated carbon adsorption method

a) Function: adsorb free residual chlorine, organic matter, heavy metals, etc

b) Use: advanced treatment of drinking water, pretreatment of drinking water, household Water filter

c) Classification: Status - powdery or granular; Materials - Coconut shells, other fruit shells, wooden charcoal, coal

d) Process: raw materials - forming - carbonization - activation - product

e) Pore distribution: Micropores<4nm account for over 95%; Mesopores (transition pores) account for less than 5% at 4-100nm; Macropores>100nm account for less than 1%

f) Porosity: 0.6-0.9cm3/g, specific surface area 700-1200m2/g

3. Detoxification method - ozone, ultraviolet ray, Chlorine dioxide, liquid chlorine

① Ozone (O3)

a) Ozone: an unstable light blue gas

b) The oxidation potential of hydrogen is 2.07V, directly oxidizing microorganisms to death

c) Application: disinfection, reduction of BOD and COD, decolorization, etc

d) Advantages and disadvantages: Advantages - convenience and economy, disinfection product O2, pollution-free; Disadvantages - poor stability in water and short half-life

② Ultraviolet rays

a) UV C (200-280nm), UV B (280-315nm), UV A (315-400nm)

b) Principle: Through photochemical reactions, DNA breaks or groups in DNA polymerize.

c) Effect: Strength of 30000 μ W/cm2, can kill most bacteria and viruses when exposed for more than 1 second.

d) Purpose: Treatment of drinking water

e) Advantages and disadvantages: Advantages - low selectivity of sha bacteria, low construction cost, and pollution-free; Disadvantages - no sustained ability to remove bacteria, cleaning of lamp tube dirt

f) Attention: The material of the lamp tube, the cleaning of the lamp tube, the quality of the treated water, and the distance

③ Chlorine dioxide (ClO2)

a) Principle: Strong oxidizing properties

b) Usage: It is an ideal disinfectant for disinfection of drinking water and sewage treatment.

c) Advantages and disadvantages: advantages: sha bacteria are fast and effective, and can kill most bacteria, algae, viruses, plankton, etc. Odor control: odorless and effective in removing trace amounts of odorous compounds in water. Sustainable Sha bacteria: can maintain trace amounts in water to prevent water pollution; Disadvantages - The preparation cost is high, and the production of Chlorite has an unstable impact on the human body, which is mostly used in small water plants.

④ Liquid chlorine

a) Commonly used disinfectants in centralized water supply

b) Advantages and disadvantages: Advantages - low price and easy operation; Disadvantages - The main byproducts are halogenated organic compounds, which have mutagenicity and/or carcinogenicity in animal experiments; Long term drinking is related to the increase of some incidence rate; Has an impact on reproduction; Chloroform and dichloro Bromomethane have been listed in the Drinking water quality standards by WHO, and their limits are determined as carcinogenic substances).

4. Ion exchange softening

a) Function: Remove hardness ions (Mg2+, Ca2+, etc.)

b) Usage: softening of household water, softening and desalination of industrial water, etc

c) Principle: Ca2++2NaR=CaR2+2 Na2+

e) Other processing methods

① Electrodialysis (EDI)

a) Function: Demineralize to produce pure water

b) Usage: boiler water, industries with high requirements

d) Advantages: The system is simple and does not require regeneration of the system

e) Disadvantages: concentrated water discharge, low water production capacity, high energy consumption, and membrane pollution

Water purification equipment - EDI electric desalination equipment

② Membrane bioreactor

a) Concept: Combination of membrane separation technology and bioreactor

b) Function: Remove biodegradable substances while intercepting non biodegradable substances through a membrane.

c) Application: domestic sewage and Industrial wastewater treatment, advanced treatment of drinking water.

d) Advantages and disadvantages: advantages: high solid-liquid separation rate, good effluent quality, small footprint, simple operation, and less excess sludge; Disadvantages: high energy consumption, membrane fouling and cleaning, short membrane life, manufacturing costs, and scale limitations.

③ Photocatalysis

a) Photocatalysis: Fix the TiO2 photocatalyst (TiO2/Ti) around the ultraviolet light (254) source, which is the photocatalytic device.

b) Application: Removing small molecule organic matter, reducing algal toxins, etc

The above is what Hongjie Water brings to everyone about "water treatment technology for water purification equipment". We hope it can help you!

Shenzhen Hongjie Water Technology Co., Ltd. is an integrated high-tech enterprise specializing in product development, production, sales, engineering design, installation and commissioning, technical consultation, and sales of supporting materials in the field of industrial water treatment and drinking water treatment. Main products: design, manufacturing, installation, commissioning and maintenance of water treatment equipment such as pure water equipment, Ultrapure water equipment, reverse osmosis equipment, GMP purified water equipment, EDI deionized water equipment, domestic sewage equipment, industrial wastewater equipment, softened water equipment and reclaimed water reuse equipment.